“And in the first year of Dareyawesh the Mede, I myself stood up to support and protect him. “And now I declare the truth to you: See, three more sovereigns are to arise in Persia, and the fourth is to become far richer than them all. And by his power, through his riches, he stirs up all against the rulership of Greece.
TS2009 - Daniel 11:1-2

The three rulers after Cyrus the Great are Cambyses II, Bardiya and Darius I. The fourth is Xerxes I who ruled the empire at its territorial apex and who is known for his plans to invade and conquer Greece, which failed. The Persians were ultimately defeated and Greece went on to conquer Persia.

“And a mighty sovereign shall arise, and he shall rule with great authority, and do as he pleases. “But when he has arisen, his rule shall be broken up and divided toward the four winds of the heavens, but not among his descendants nor according to his authority with which he ruled, because his rule shall be uprooted, even for others besides these.
TS2009 - Daniel 11:3-4

After Xerxes I the Persian Empire was in decline. It was eventually conquered by Alexander the Great. After Alexander's death his empire was divided among his four generals. The four major kingdoms were the Ptolemaic Kingdom or Egypt, the Seleucid Empire or Syria, the Kingdom of Macedon and Thrace and Asia Minor. There were also some minor insignificant states besides these.

“And a sovereign of the South shall become strong, and one of his princes; and he shall be strong over him and shall rule – his rule shall be a great rule. “And at the end of years they shall join themselves together, and a daughter of the sovereign of the South shall come to the sovereign of the North to make an alliance. But she shall not retain the strength of her power, nor would he or his power stand. And she shall be given up, with those who brought her, and he who brought her forth, and he who supported her in those times.
TS2009 - Daniel 11:5-6

And a sovereign of the South shall become strong
The strong King of the South is Ptolemy I.
and one of his princes; and he shall be strong over him and shall rule – his rule shall be a great rule
The stronger prince is Seleucus I Nicator who served as admiral under Ptolemy I in the fight against Antigonus during the Third War of the Diadochi from 314 to 311 BC.
And at the end of years they shall join themselves together, and a daughter of the sovereign of the South shall come to the sovereign of the North to make an alliance
After Antigonus was defeated and Ptolemy and Seleucid had formed separate kingdoms, the daughter of Ptolemy II, Berenice, was given in marriage to the Seleucid king Antiochus II Theos in order to create or maintain peace between the kingdoms.
But she shall not retain the strength of her power, nor would he or his power stand. And she shall be given up
In 246 BC Berenice was killed by Laodice I, the first wife of Antiochus II.
with those who brought her, and he who brought her forth, and he who supported her in those times
Antiochus II and his son with Berenice, called Antiochus, were both also killed by Laodice I in 246 BC.

“But from a branch of her roots one shall arise in his place, and he shall come into the defence and come into a stronghold of the sovereign of the North, and shall act against them, and shall prevail, and also their mighty ones, with their princes and their precious utensils of silver and gold he shall seize and bring to Mitsrayim. And he shall stand more years than the sovereign of the North. “Then he shall enter the reign of the sovereign of the South, but shall return to his own land.
TS2009 - Daniel 11:7-9

But from a branch of her roots one shall arise in his place
This is the Third Syrian War. Berenice's brother Ptolemy III takes over.
and he shall come into the defence and come into a stronghold of the sovereign of the North
Ptolemy III avenges his sister's death.
and shall act against them, and shall prevail
He succesfully attacks Seleucus II in 246 BC.
and also their mighty ones, with their princes and their precious utensils of silver and gold he shall seize and bring to Mitsrayim
He invaded and plundered the Seleucid Empire, captured Antioch and even reached Babylon.
And he shall stand more years than the sovereign of the North
Ptolemy III reigned from 246 to 222 BC. Seleucus II from 246 to 225 BC.
Then he shall enter the reign of the sovereign of the South, but shall return to his own land
Antiochus III wanted to reconquer territory and attacked Ptolemy IV, but his invasion of Coele-Syria in 221 BC failed due to resistance by Ptolemy's military general Theodotus of Aetolia.

“But his sons shall stir themselves up, and assemble a great army. And he shall certainly come and overflow and pass through, then return to his stronghold, and be stirred up. “Then the sovereign of the South shall be enraged and go out to fight with him, with the sovereign of the North, who shall raise a large army. But the army shall be given into the hand of his enemy, and he shall capture the army, his heart being exalted. And he shall cause tens of thousands to fall, but not prevail.
TS2009 - Daniel 11:10-12

But his sons shall stir themselves up, and assemble a great army
The sons of Antiochus III were Antiochus, Seleucus IV Philopator and Antiochus IV Epiphanes. Antiochus fought in the army under his father.
And he shall certainly come and overflow and pass through
In 219 BC Antiochus III began the Fourth Syrian War.
then return to his stronghold, and be stirred up
The campaigns of 219 BC and 218 BC carried the Seleucid armies almost to the confines of the Ptolemaic Kingdom.
Then the sovereign of the South shall be enraged and go out to fight with him...
This probably talks about the Battle of Raphia in 217 BC. Ptolemy IV had 70,000 infantry, 5,000 cavalry, and 73 war elephants and Antiochus III 62,000 infantry, 6,000 cavalry, and 102 elephants. Ptolemy's victory secured the province of Coele-Syria for Egypt, but it wouldn't last for long...

“And the sovereign of the North shall return and raise an army greater than the former, and certainly come at the end of some years with a great army and much supplies. “And in those times many shall rise up against the sovereign of the South, while some violent ones among your people exalt themselves to establish the vision, but they shall stumble. “Then the sovereign of the North shall come in and build a siege mound, and capture a city of strongholds. And the arms of the South shall not stand, nor his choice people, for there is no strength to stand. “So his opponent shall do as he pleases – with no one standing against him – and stand in the Splendid Land with destruction in his hand. “And he shall set his face to enter with the strength of his entire rule, and make an alliance with him. And he shall do so, and give him the daughter of women to corrupt her. But she shall not stand, neither be for him.
TS2009 - Daniel 11:13-17

And the sovereign of the North shall return and raise an army greater than the former, and certainly come at the end of some years with a great army and much supplies
The Fifth Syrian War. Antiochus III staged a second invasion of Coele-Syria.
And in those times many shall rise up against the sovereign of the South
Antiochus III made an alliance with Philip V of Macedon who was involved in the Cretan War from 205 to 200 BC and the Second Macedonian War against Rome from 200 to 197 BC.
while some violent ones among your people exalt themselves to establish the vision, but they shall stumble
This maybe talks about the revolt of traditional Jews against Hellenistic Judaism. Jews were divided between those favoring Hellenization and those opposing it, and were divided over allegiance to the Ptolemies or Seleucids.
Then the sovereign of the North shall come in and build a siege mound, and capture a city of strongholds...
The Battle of Panium took place in 200 BC in which cataphracts were used to attack Egypt. The city captured was Sidon. This time Antiochus III won the battle and recaptured Coele Syria in 198 BC.
and stand in the Splendid Land with destruction in his hand
Antiochus III also recaptured Judea in 198 BC and went on to raid Ptolemy V's remaining coastal strongholds in Caria and Cilicia.
And he shall set his face to enter with the strength of his entire rule, and make an alliance with him
Ptolemy signed a conciliatory treaty with Antiochus in 195 BC, leaving the Seleucid king in possession of Coele-Syria.
And he shall do so, and give him the daughter of women to corrupt her.
Under pressure from Antiochus III Ptolemy V agreed to marry Antiochus' daughter Cleopatra I around 195 BC. This ended the Fifth Syrian War.
But she shall not stand, neither be for him.
When the Roman–Seleucid War broke out between Antiochus and Rome, Egypt ranged itself with the latter power.

“Then he shall turn his face to the coastlands and capture many. But a ruler shall bring the reproach against them to an end. And with the reproach removed, he shall turn back on him. “Then he shall turn his face toward the strongholds of his own land, but shall stumble and fall, and not be found. “And in his place one shall stand up who imposes taxes on the adorned city of the rule, but within a few days he is destroyed, but not in wrath or in battle.
TS2009 - Daniel 11:18-20

Then he shall turn his face to the coastlands and capture many
This is about the Roman–Seleucid War from 192 to 188 BC. Antiochus III moved to Asia Minor, by land and by sea, to secure the coast towns which belonged to the remnants of Ptolemaic overseas dominions and the independent Greek cities. He captured the coastlands without much trouble.
But a ruler shall bring the reproach against them to an end.
Antiochus III's enterprise earned him the antagonism of the Roman Republic. Smyrna and Lampsacus appealed to the republic of the west and the tension grew after Antiochus had in 196 BC established a footing in Thrace. By the Treaty of Apamea in 188 BC Antiochus abandoned all the country north and west of the Taurus, most of which the Roman Republic gave either to Rhodes or to the Attalid ruler Eumenes II, its allies. As a consequence of this blow to the Seleucid power, the outlying provinces of the empire, recovered by Antiochus, reasserted their independence. The treaty marked a shift of power from the Seleucid Empire to Rome.
And with the reproach removed, he shall turn back on him.
The Roman Republic left the vassal states to themselves and retreated.
Then he shall turn his face toward the strongholds of his own land, but shall stumble and fall, and not be found
Antiochus III then mounted a fresh eastern expedition in Luristan, where he died while pillaging a temple of Bel at Elymais, Persia, in 187 BC.
And in his place one shall stand up who imposes taxes on the adorned city of the rule, but within a few days he is destroyed, but not in wrath or in battle.
This is about Heliodorus who was a tax collector under Seleucus IV Philopator, a son of Antiochus III. Around 178 BC Seleucus sent Heliodorus to Jerusalem to collect money to pay the Romans. On his return from Jerusalem, Heliodorus assassinated Seleucus, and seized the throne for himself in 175 BC. Antiochus IV Epiphanes, another son of Antiochus III, managed to oust Heliodorus in the same year. An infant son of Seleucus, also named Antiochus, was formal head of state for a few years until Epiphanes had him murdered.

“And in his place shall arise a despised one, to whom they shall not give the excellency of the rule. But he shall come in peaceably, and seize the rule by flatteries. Armies shall be utterly swept away before him and broken, even the prince of the covenant. And from the time that an alliance is made with him he shall act deceitfully, and he shall become strong with a small people.
TS2009 - Daniel 11:21-23

And in his place shall arise a despised one
Antiochus III was liked by the Jews. But his son not. Antiochus IV Epiphanes forbade Jewish religious practices and persecuted Jews.
to whom they shall not give the excellency of the rule
Antiochus IV Epiphanes was not meant to be ruler of the Seleucid Empire. His oldest brother Antiochus was appointed as the heir to the Seleucid throne in 187 BC. Second in line was his older brother Seleucus.
But he shall come in peaceably, and seize the rule by flatteries
After having been political hostage of the Roman Republic for about 14 years since the Battle of Magnesia was lost by his father, Antiochus IV Epiphanes returned and made an alliance with Eumenes II of Pergamum in order to claim the Seleucid throne in 175 BC. He proclaimed himself co-regent with Antiochus, the first son and heir of Seleucus IV Philopator, who co-ruled from 175 to 170 BC. See List of Syrian monarchs.
Armies shall be utterly swept away before him and broken,
Antiochus IV Epiphanes would prove to be a strong Seleucid king who would win many wars.
even the prince of the covenant
In 175 BC Antiochus IV Epiphanes replaced the Jewish High Priest Onias III, the chief religious official of Judaism, with a Hellenistic Jew, namely Jason. An abomination in the eyes of traditional Jews.
And from the time that an alliance is made with him he shall act deceitfully
In 170 BC Antiochus IV Epiphanes murdered his co-ruler Antiochus in order to seize the throne for himself.
and he shall become strong with a small people
Antiochus IV Epiphanes started his Seleucid career in an empire heavily indebted to Rome. Before rising to the throne in Syria he spent time in Athens from which he had to work his way up.

Without warning he shall come into the richest parts of the province, and he shall do what neither his fathers nor his fathers' fathers have done, scattering among them plunder, spoil, and goods. He shall devise plans against strongholds, but only for a time. “And he shall stir up his power and his heart against the sovereign of the South with a great army, and the sovereign of the South shall be stirred up to battle with a very great and mighty army, but not stand, for they shall devise plots against him. “And those who have been eating his food shall destroy him, and his army be swept away, and many fall down slain. “And both these sovereigns’ hearts are to do evil, and speak lies at the same table, but not prosper, for the end is still for an appointed time. And he shall return to his land with great wealth, but his heart shall be set against the holy covenant. And he shall work his will and return to his own land.
TS2009 - Daniel 11:24-28

Without warning he shall come into the richest parts of the province
Antiochus III left a vast territory despite having lost Asia Minor in the end to Rome with the Treaty of Apamea. Antiochus IV Epiphanes gained the rich provinces Coele-Syria and Judea from Egypt. Since the end of the rulership of Antiochus III temples were plundered more often in order to finance for example wars.
and he shall do what neither his fathers nor his fathers' fathers have done, scattering among them plunder, spoil, and goods
The Seleucids were the wealthiest kings in the world which is evidenced by the fact that they were able to pay a tribute to Rome of about 1,500 talents in 13 years, maintained a great army to fight Egypt and even held an expensive festival at Daphne. In 1 Maccabees 3:30 it is said that Antiochus IV Epiphanes gave "more lavishly than preceding kings".
He shall devise plans against strongholds, but only for a time
Antiochus IV did not plan to attack Egypt in order to not get into trouble with Rome. Instead he focussed on the eastern part of his empire. Until Egypt itself began attacking Syria.
And he shall stir up his power and his heart against the sovereign of the South with a great army, and the sovereign of the South shall be stirred up to battle with a very great and mighty army, but not stand,
In 170 BC King Ptolemy VI Philometor demanded the return of Coele-Syria, but Antiochus IV Epiphanes launched a preemptive strike against Egypt, conquering all but Alexandria and captured king Ptolemy whom he gave rule over Egypt as a puppet king.
for they shall devise plots against him. And those who have been eating his food shall destroy him, and his army be swept away, and many fall down slain
Antiochus IV Epiphanes' invasion of Egypt led to unrest and subsequent calls by the Alexandrian Mob for Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra II to ascend to the throne. Later these two co-ruled with Ptolemy VI Philometor until 164 BC. Ptolemy VIII was known for his many intrigues.
And both these sovereigns’ hearts are to do evil, and speak lies at the same table, but not prosper, for the end is still for an appointed time.
Ptolemy and Antiochus both sought after their own good and deceived each other. Ptolemy hoped for the intervention of its ally Rome which was completely occupied by the Third Macedonian War. Antiochus hoped that that war would last long enough so he could conquer Alexandria without Rome's meddling.
And he shall return to his land with great wealth
Antiochus IV Epiphanes returned to Syria with tremendous riches of his plundering.
but his heart shall be set against the holy covenant. And he shall work his will and return to his own land.
Antiochus IV Epiphanes then returned and passed by Jerusalem because of a revolt and re-installed Menelaus as the High Priest around 170 BC who had been deposed by Jason.

"At the time appointed he shall return and come into the south, but it shall not be this time as it was before. For ships of Kittim shall come against him, and he shall be afraid and withdraw, and shall turn back and be enraged and take action against the holy covenant. He shall turn back and pay attention to those who forsake the holy covenant. “And strong ones shall arise from him and profane the set-apart place, the stronghold, and shall take away that which is continual, and set up the abomination that lays waste.
TS2009 - Daniel 11:29-31

At the time appointed he shall return and come into the south
In 168 BC Antiochus IV Epiphanes marches again to Alexandria in order to completely conquer Egypt. Also angered by the alliance of his puppet king Ptolemy VI with Ptolemy VIII.
but it shall not be this time as it was before. For ships of Kittim shall come against him
Jeremiah 2:10 speaks about the "isles of Kittim". In this context it refers to islands of the Mediterranean Sea. So who ruled the Mediterranean by that time? Between the Second and Third Punic War Rome became the leading force in the Mediterranean region. The Egyptians sent to Rome asking for help and the Senate despatched Gaius Popilius Laenas to Alexandria. Meanwhile, Antiochus IV Epiphanes had seized Cyprus and Memphis on his way to Alexandria.
and he shall be afraid and withdraw, and shall turn back
Around 168 BC, at Eleusis, on the outskirts of Alexandria, he met Gaius Popilius Laenas who offered the Seleucid king an ultimatum from the Senate: he must evacuate Egypt and Cyprus immediately. Antiochus chose to obey the Roman ultimatum. The "Day of Eleusis" ended the Sixth Syrian War and Antiochus' hopes of conquering Egyptian territory.
and be enraged and take action against the holy covenant
Antiochus was furious and passing through Judea he again plundered Jerusalem and the temple and persecuted and killed many Jews.
He shall turn back and pay attention to those who forsake the holy covenant. And strong ones shall arise from him
Antiochus sided with the Hellenistic Jews who gained much power and influence in Judea.
and profane the set-apart place, the stronghold, and shall take away that which is continual, and set up the abomination that lays waste.
The traditional Jews resisted the Hellenization forced upon them and Antiochus sent an army which killed many. Antiochus IV ordered the worship of Zeus in Judea. The abomination that lays waste is the worship of false gods and it often starts by means of assimilation of pagan peoples and customs as was the case with Hellenization.

“And by flatteries he shall profane those who do wrong against the covenant, but the people who know their Elohim shall be strong, and shall act. “And those of the people who have insight shall give understanding to many. And they shall stumble by sword and flame, by captivity and plundering, for days. “And when they stumble, they shall be helped, a little help, but many shall join them, by flatteries. “And some of those who have insight shall stumble, to refine them, and to cleanse them, and to make them white, until the time of the end, for it is still for an appointed time.
TS2009 - Daniel 11:32-35

The Jewish Maccabees had started a rebellion against Antiochus IV and the Hellenistic Jews. By that time the Seleucid Empire was also under attack from the east by king Mithridates I of Parthia. Antiochus IV Epiphanes died in 164 BC. The so-called Maccabean Revolt lasted from 167 to 160 BC and it led to the Hasmonean dynasty which ruled over Judea. The Maccabees were aided by the Romans which is evidenced by the Roman–Jewish Treaty of 161 BC. So mainly thanks to Rome the Jews were released from Seleucid domination. Officially the Hasmonean Kingdom was under the control of the Seleucid Empire from 140 to 110 BC, then independently from 110 to 63 BC, and then under control of the Roman Republic. But in reality Rome was already largely in control of the events in the Middle East since Antiochus IV Epiphanes was defeated and expelled from Egypt. Here we see that the King of the North shifted from the Seleucid Empire to the Roman Empire while the King of the South still remained Egypt, but only for a little while...

“And the sovereign shall do as he pleases, and exalt himself and show himself to be great above every mighty one, and speak incredible matters against the Ěl of mighty ones, and shall prosper until the wrath has been accomplished – for what has been decreed shall be done – and have no regard for the mighty ones of his fathers nor for the desire of women, nor have regard for any mighty one, but exalt himself above them all.
TS2009 - Daniel 11:36-37

And the sovereign shall do as he pleases,
Obviously the Romans ruled the complete Mediterranean by that time.
and exalt himself and show himself to be great above every mighty one,
The first Roman Emperor, Augustus, crowned himself Pontifex Maximus which is Latin for "greatest priest". It was the most important position in ancient Roman Religion and it became politicized with the Roman Empire. Augustus established the Imperial Cult for worship of the Emperor as a god. He also labeled himself Divi filius which means "Son of God".
and speak incredible matters against the Ěl of mighty ones
Besides all the blasphemous words, this self-styled "son of god" was also literally confronted with the real Son of God around 30 AD. Before he sent the Son of God to be crucified, under pressure from the Jews, he said "I am innocent of the blood of this Righteous One" (Matthew 27:24).
and shall prosper until the wrath has been accomplished – for what has been decreed shall be done
If the wrath mentioned here is the wrath of God against the Jews who consistently rejected Him and worshiped false gods, then it possibly refers to the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 AD, by Titus. This destruction marks the end of the Jewish nation as God's people and is a further confirmation of the new covenant of God for all people from all nations around the world. The year 70 AD is also the time in which the Roman Empire experienced the so-called Year of the Four Emperors, the first civil war since Mark Antony's death. It ended the Julio-Claudian dynasty.
and have no regard for the mighty ones of his fathers
With the change from Republic to Empire also the religious traditions changed. See Religion in Ancient Rome. With the expansion of the Roman Empire new foreign gods were absorbed from for example Greece, Egypt and Persia.
nor for the desire of women
Augustus said "If we could survive without a wife, citizens of Rome, all of us would do without that nuisance; but since nature has so decreed that we cannot manage comfortably with them, nor live in any way without them, we must plan for our lasting preservation rather than for our temporary pleasure". He banished his own daughter Julia in harsh conditions because she had affairs with men. Homosexuality was normal in ancient Rome. Another fact is that, as opposed to the former Greek Empires of Seleucid and Ptolemy, no women ever ruled or co-ruled the Roman Empire. Freeborn women in ancient Rome were citizens but could not vote or hold political office.
nor have regard for any mighty one, but exalt himself above them all
See previous comments.

“But in his place he shall give esteem to a mighty one of strongholds. And to a mighty one which his fathers did not know he shall give esteem with gold and silver, with precious stones and costly gifts. “And he shall act against the strongest strongholds with a foreign mighty one, which he shall acknowledge. He shall increase in esteem and cause them to rule over many, and divide the land for gain.
TS2009 - Daniel 11:38-39

But in his place he shall give esteem to a mighty one of strongholds
With the birth of the Roman Empire the god of war called Mars became extremely important. Augustus built the Temple of Mars Ultor in honour of Mars.
And to a mighty one which his fathers did not know he shall give esteem with gold and silver, with precious stones and costly gifts. And he shall act against the strongest strongholds with a foreign mighty one, which he shall acknowledge.
Mithraism became the leading cult in the Imperial Roman army.
He shall increase in esteem and cause them to rule over many, and divide the land for gain
With the expansion Roman colonies were created in the conquered lands. Retired generals and soldiers obtained land in order to settle themselves. And so Romanization or Latinization took place.

“At the time of the end the sovereign of the South shall push at him, and the sovereign of the North rush against him like a whirlwind, with chariots, and with horsemen, and with many ships. And he shall enter the lands, and shall overflow and pass over,
TS2009 - Daniel 11:40

At the time of the end
The Jews viewed the coming of the Messiah as an event in the time of the end, the end of an age of oppression.
the sovereign of the South shall push at him
Mark Antony had an affair with Cleopatra of Egypt and became an enemy of Rome who deserted to Egypt.
and the sovereign of the North rush against him like a whirlwind, with chariots, and with horsemen, and with many ships.
Between 32 and 30 BC the Final War of the Roman Republic took place. In 31 BC the Battle of Actium took place in which Octavian defeated the combined forces of Mark Antony and Cleopatra of Egypt. This event marked the end of the Hellenistic Period, the Ptolemaic Kingdom and the Roman Republic. It marks the official beginning of the Roman Empire.
And he shall enter the lands, and shall overflow and pass over
The Roman Empire made another major step in world history marked by globalization.

and shall enter the Splendid Land, and many shall stumble, but these escape from his hand: Edom, and Moab, and the chief of the sons of Ammon. “And he shall stretch out his hand against the lands, and the land of Mitsrayim shall not escape. “And he shall rule over the treasures of gold and silver, and over all the riches of Mitsrayim, and Libyans and Kushites shall be at his steps. “Then reports from the east and the north shall disturb him, and he shall go out with great wrath to destroy and put many under the ban, and he shall pitch the tents of his palace between the seas and the splendid set-apart mountain, but shall come to his end with none to help him.
TS2009 - Daniel 11:41-45

and shall enter the Splendid Land
The Roman Empire under Augustus captured the land of Israel.
and many shall stumble
Of course many of God's people stumbled and were converted to Roman traditions and religion, just like the ones during the Hellenistic period.
but these escape from his hand: Edom, and Moab, and the chief of the sons of Ammon
But the Roman Empire did not yet encompass the kingdoms of Edom, Moab and Ammon southeast of Judea.
And he shall stretch out his hand against the lands
Many lands and peoples were conquered by Rome at the start of its empire.
and the land of Mitsrayim shall not escape
Egypt was conquered.
And he shall rule over the treasures of gold and silver, and over all the riches of Mitsrayim
The Romans literally plundered Egypt.
and Libyans and Kushites shall be at his steps
Lybia and the Kingdom of Kush south of Egypt were literally at its borders.
Then reports from the east and the north shall disturb him
Parthia posed a threat to Rome in the east. See Roman–Parthian Wars. Germania posed a threat in the north. See Germanic Wars.
and he shall go out with great wrath to destroy and put many under the ban
See Wars of Augustus.
and he shall pitch the tents of his palace between the seas and the splendid set-apart mountain
The House of Augustus is located in Rome, the heart of the Roman Empire. Since the first Roman Emperor imperial palaces were built on Palatine Hill. It is also where the temples for the Roman gods were built. The word palace comes from Palatine Hill in Rome. Figuratively speaking Rome built its palaces between the people (= seas) and God's Kingdom (= splendid set-apart mountain).
but shall come to his end with none to help him
Although he exalted himself as a son of god he died as a mortal man.

“Now at that time Mika’el shall stand up, the great head who is standing over the sons of your people. And there shall be a time of distress, such as never was since there was a nation, until that time. And at that time your people shall be delivered, every one who is found written in the book, and many of those who sleep in the dust of the earth wake up, some to everlasting life, and some to reproaches, everlasting abhorrence. “And those who have insight shall shine like the brightness of the expanse, and those who lead many to righteousness like the stars forever and ever. “But you, Dani’el, hide the words, and seal the book until the time of the end. Many shall diligently search and knowledge shall increase.”
TS2009 - Daniel 12:1-4

This talks of the resurrection of the dead and judgement at the future time of the end. Michael is the powerful messenger of God who leads God's army which will fight Satan and his army at Armageddon (Revelation 12:7, Daniel 10:13). So likely there is a future filfilment of the prophecy in Daniel 11. But the meaning of this prohecy is sealed until the time of the end. Many historical events spoken of here might be a foreshadow of what is to come in the future. Some of Daniel's prophecies might have two fulfilments, a fulfilment with events surrounding the First Coming of the Son of God and a future fulfilment of His Second Coming to finish prophecy. Perhaps the King of the South is reflected in the Western world or Anglo-American Empire and the King of the North is the Eastern world led by Russia and China. A power struggle is taking place and the power elite are working towards a Global Empire or world government.

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